GPS intelligent bus dispatching system solution

1. Overview of intelligent bus dispatching system

The important significance of building an intelligent transportation system is to adopt new technologies, make full use of information technology and computer technology, and in the context of building a harmonious society, let the urban public transport, which is directly related to the direct interests of the people, be fundamentally improved, so that the government Investment has become an important force in building people's livelihood and people's heart projects. It can not only improve the city's management level, but also promote the use of new public transportation technologies and promote the overall development of urban public utilities.

The intelligent public transportation system is based on the basic theoretical research of bus network allocation and bus dispatching, and uses the theory and method of system engineering to modernize high-tech technologies such as communication, information, electronics, control, computer, network, GPS and GIS. It is applied to the public transportation system, and through the establishment of public transportation intelligent dispatching system, public transportation information service system, video monitoring system, etc., to realize the informationization, modernization and intelligence of public transportation scheduling, operation and management. It provides more for urban residents to travel. Safe, comfortable and convenient public transportation services, improve the proportion of public transportation systems in urban transportation, ease urban traffic congestion, effectively solve urban transportation problems, and create greater social and economic benefits.

The intelligent public transportation system mainly targets travellers and buses. It collects and processes dynamic traffic information (such as: passenger flow, traffic flow, vehicle location, location of emergency events, etc.) and static traffic information for travellers. (for example: traffic regulations, road control measures, location of large bus travel destinations, etc.), providing travellers with dynamic and static public transport information in a variety of ways (eg, departure schedules, transfer routes, best travel routes, etc.) ), in order to achieve the purpose of planning travel, optimal route selection, avoiding traffic congestion, and saving travel time. For bus vehicles, it mainly realizes functions such as dynamic monitoring, real-time scheduling, scientific management, etc., so as to improve the bus service level. purpose.

1.1 The significance of developing intelligent bus monitoring and dispatching system

The intelligent bus dispatching information system is the core subsystem of the intelligent transportation system. It integrates modern technologies such as communication technology, automation technology, control technology, computer network and global positioning system, and the location, passenger flow and traffic of vehicles operated by public transportation. The status and other information are collected in real time to achieve real-time and visual monitoring. On this basis, scientific and reasonable dispatching and commanding are realized. At the same time, its advanced scientific management means will be the dispatching management, position optimization and implementation of the bus enterprise. It will also solve urban traffic congestion, promote efficiency and provide services to enter the city's environmental protection, guide passengers' travel, improve the quality of citizens' travel, increase city awareness, showcase the city's scientific and technological level, and bring good economic benefits and society to urban public transport participating enterprises. Benefits; and rational allocation of urban passenger transportation resources and capacity, also help the city government departments to macro management and evaluation of the urban passenger transport market, and also lay a good foundation for the future development of urban intelligent transportation systems and rapid transit systems (BRT) Technical basis

1.2 Development of intelligent transportation at home and abroad

Research on intelligent transportation systems Many countries have invested huge manpower and material resources, and have become the most concentrated areas of high-tech applications after aerospace and military fields. It has formed three research centers represented by the United States, Japan, and Europe. it.

In the United States, although the research on intelligent transportation system started at the latest, due to the large amount of investment, it is now at the leading level in this field. The United States has established an auxiliary navigation system that combines rescue services. The system is a monitoring center. Complete and powerful computer management system with electronic map and communication connection equipment, can provide location tracking management, alarm service acceptance, help service acceptance, emergency rescue provision, online voice navigation and security anti-theft for vehicles equipped with GPS equipment In addition, in order to prevent traffic jams and improve road transport capacity, the United States uses GPS, urban traffic geographic information and mobile communications to communicate with the traffic management center to provide drivers with real-time traffic information and guide vehicles to choose the best driving route. Avoiding traffic jams, you can also adjust the distance for the driver in time to avoid the collision and provide information.

The development of intelligent urban public transportation in Japan has experienced three stages. The bus positioning system was applied in the late 1970s. The bus approaching display system began to apply the bus operation management system in the early 1980s, including passenger automatic statistics, operation monitoring and operation control. In the 1990s, due to the increase in the number of motor vehicles and the impact of severe traffic congestion, it is very difficult to maintain normal driving speed. The inconvenience and unreliability of public transportation caused by the rapid decline in the number of passengers. The Urban Public Transport Integrated Transportation Control System (CTCS) was developed to improve bus services and regain passengers.

Europe adopts the whole European integration policy in the research of intelligent transportation systems. The government, enterprises and individuals jointly fund the research of intelligent transportation systems. Famous projects include PROMETHEUS and DRIVE, among which DRIVE is currently the world's transportation. The largest cooperative research program in the transportation industry, with more than 700 units in 12 countries, with a funding of 500 million euros. Many European countries have a long history like China, and urban streets are generally narrow. However, they implement public transportation. Priority policy, set up bus lanes, provide priority traffic signals for buses, and deploy intelligent bus monitoring and dispatching systems to improve the speed of public transport vehicles and the quality of public transport services to attract public travel by bus, thus effectively alleviating urban traffic. Pressure has solved urban traffic problems and achieved obvious social and economic benefits. These experiences are worthy of reference to many large and medium-sized cities in China.

1.3 Current status of public transportation management in China and requirements for implementing intelligent management

China's research in the field of intelligent transportation systems started late, but with the rise of global intelligent transportation technology research, in the 1980s, China has also accelerated the pace of research on intelligent transportation technology. On the one hand, Beijing, Shanghai, Shenyang Other big cities have introduced some advanced urban traffic control and road monitoring systems from abroad. On the other hand, the state has increased the pace of independent development, such as the real-time adaptive urban traffic control system developed by the State Planning Commission and the Science and Technology Commission. -UTCS, SUATS system developed by Shanghai Jiaotong University and Shanghai Traffic Police Corps, etc. In 1998, the Ministry of Communications officially approved the establishment of the ISO/TC204 China Committee. The Secretariat is located at the Transportation Intelligent Transportation System Engineering Research Center, representing China in the International Intelligent Transportation System. The standardization activities are now conducting research on the framework of the China Intelligent Transportation System Standard System. In addition, China will implement the “unblocked project” with the main content of urban traffic intelligent control in 36 cities nationwide from this year, and gradually promote it to the whole country. More than 100 cities, it takes into account the speciality of the public transport system Sexuality, the needs of public transport enterprises for intelligent public transport management include the following aspects to improve the automation level of enterprise operation management. It can provide automatic reporting, video guide, electronic station and other humanized services to facilitate passenger maintenance and use, and the product cost is as low as possible. .

The Ministry of Construction, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Finance, and the Ministry of Land and Resources issued the "Opinions on Priority Development of Urban Public Transportation" issued on September 23, 2005, stating that China's land resources are scarce, urban population is dense, and the income level of the people The overall situation is not high. Giving priority to the development of public transportation is in line with the reality of urban development and transportation development. It is an important measure to implement the scientific development concept and build a conservation-oriented society. It should further liberalize the public transportation industry, improve support policies, and improve the quality of operations. Efficiency, providing public transportation services that are safe, reliable, convenient, and economical and comfortable. It should give full play to the advantages of large public transportation volume and low price, and guide the masses to choose public transportation as the main mode of travel. It must actively use high technology to transform the tradition. The public transportation system is based on informationization, promoting the positive interaction between passengers, vehicles, station facilities and traffic environment, promoting the construction of intelligent public transportation system, building public transportation line operation display system, multimedia comprehensive inquiry system, Passenger service information system To enable passengers to easily understand public transportation information and arrange travel it reasonably

1.4 Analysis of current domestic implementation and industry application

In recent years, with the continuous maturity of computer network technology, software development technology and IC card technology and the lifting of the ban on the civilian market by GPS satellite positioning technology, the domestic bus industry product integrators and software and hardware system providers are all related to the intelligent bus dispatching information system. The products have invested a lot of research and development efforts, forming the current domestic mature and standardization of intelligent public transport system products, and the domestic public transport enterprises have also been waiting to explore from the previous years, from trying to explore to experience summary, thus Gradually embarked on the unshakable implementation path. Currently, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Qingdao, Dalian, Shijiazhuang, Hohhot, Nanjing, Chongqing, Hangzhou, Guiyang, Zhuhai, Shenzhen and other cities have implemented the bus intelligent dispatching information system, and It has produced good results in the operation process and achieved good economic and social benefits.

In China, the construction of many urban intelligent bus dispatching information platforms is led by government investment wells, because with the continuous deepening of the market economy, there are many competitions in urban bus operations, and the government must effectively manage and supervise the bus companies. The service must establish this system; at the same time, it can also assist the government to establish a scientific and advanced public transport industry assessment, evaluation and supervision system, and use the "GPS bus dispatch system" to achieve transparent, real-time, fair and efficient management and assessment of its industry. The management department can use this system to monitor the number of operating vehicles, parking vehicles, operating hours, average vehicle yang, effective operating mileage, and trajectory of all bus companies throughout the day to form a comprehensive evaluation report of various data; passenger flow detection The system can analyze the revenue status of each bus enterprise, provide the basis for the government to formulate industry service standards and subsidy mechanisms; the limit driving function will regulate the implementation of the bus line franchise, and can assist the government management department to strengthen the supervision of the passenger transport market; The playback function can resolve passenger disputes fairly and fairly, for the government to violate It provides the basis for punishment when operating vehicle penalties. At the same time, it can maximize the management of the government management department, so that the real-time dynamic supervision of the bus can be completed without leaving the household with the least amount of management personnel.