Huanghua pear is the precious wood used in our traditional furniture. Shanghai is also known as “old pearâ€. Guangzhou is called “decliningâ€. The color of the heartwood is from light yellow to yellow, and the texture is beautiful and fragrant. Its botanical scientific name is "decorating Dalbergia". This tree is found in Hainan Island of China. The locals call it "Hainan Tan". According to the "Guangzhou Flora", "Hainan Island products... are forest plants, hi Born in the damp land of the valley, the wood is quite good, the sapwood color is light, the texture is slightly drooping, the heartwood color is reddish brown, hard, the texture is exquisite and beautiful, suitable for carving and furniture... The plant Hainan was originally called rosewood, However, this name is confused with another plant called the rosewood in the Guangdong timber merchants. Therefore, the new name (namely Hainan Tan) is different.†Huanghualimu is made since the Ming and Qing Dynasties because of its beautiful texture and bright color. Good materials for furniture. Among the classical furniture handed down to the world, there are many furniture made of yellow pear wood. These furnitures have become the classics of the world with their dignified and generous style and euphemistic lines.
In the past, Huanghua Pear has had different names such as “Flower Palmâ€, “Pear Blossom†and “Hua Liâ€. Many ancient literatures have clear records on the texture characteristics and origin of this wood, such as Tang Chenzang. In "Herbal Supplements" said: "Flower palms out of Annan and Hainan, used as a bed, like red sandalwood and red color, good sex." In the early Ming Dynasty, Wang Youzeng ordered "Ge Gu Yao" recorded: "Pearl out of Nanfan Guangdong, purple, similar to the true fragrance, also has a fragrant, its flowers have a cute face, the flowers are thick and low."
In the "Hai Yu Yu Lu" written by Ming Gu Gu, "Rosewood, wenge, and soil are all produced in Lishan, and they must be from Li." It is known that Huanghua pear is produced in the depths of Hainan Island. Lishan is mostly mined by the Li people. It is worth mentioning that Li Shizhen, a great medical scientist of the Ming Dynasty, put forward in the 35th volume of the "Compendium of Palm Trees" in the "Compendium of Materia Medica", "(Calmwood) [Zhenzhen] is solid and purple. There are patterns, that is, the flower palm wood, can be used as utensils, fan bones. Customs for pears, mistakes." Li Shizhen believes that there are patterns of palm trees, that is, the flowers of the palm trees, usually the mouth of the "Pear" For misinformation, this also confirmed from another aspect that the so-called misinformation of the "flower pear" at that time has become a fixed term for the custom of Huanghua Pear in the Ming Dynasty.
In the "Secretary of the Zhou Dynasty? Volume VII? Nanban? Zhancheng" written by Ming Ren Yan Jian, the local products of Zhancheng Country are described, including: "Sandalwood, Cypress, Burning Fragrance, Rosewood" .
The Qing Dynasty Li Tiaoyuan’s "Nan Yue Notes" Volume 7 also records the "Chengcheng" in Vietnam today, tribute to the Ming Dynasty tribute to the pear: "Zhancheng, Bengu Yueshangjie. Hongwu two years, its main Aya first sent its The tigers are quite tribute, and they have ebony, sapwood, rosewood, etc." "Nan Yue Notes" Volume 13 also records: "Flower palm color purple, slightly fragrant. The text has a ghost face, also a raccoon spot, and Famous flower raccoon. The old man Wenquan music, the tender person is straight. The flower is round and dizzy like money, the size is wrong. 'Qiongzhou Zhi' cloud, rosewood produces Yazhou Changhua Lingshui."
"Guangdong Xinyu" Volume twenty-five records: "Hainan Wenmu. There are 曰花掌者. The color purple red scent. The text has a ghost face cute. It is like a raccoon. Also known as the flower raccoon. The old man Wenquan music. Nen The text is straight. The flower is round and dizzy like money. The size is wrong. It is firm and dense. The price is very heavy. It is often parasitic on the tree. Li people can learn. Produce Wenchangling water. It is similar to the drop of true fragrance."
In addition, in ancient Chinese historical materials, there are also Huanghua pears called "Hua Li". For example, "Zhu Fanzhi" written by Song Zhaoyi Shi refers to "Hua Limu": "Hainan, Han Zhuya, Yu The ear is also .... Four counties, eleven counties, Xi Li Guangnan. West Road ring arch Limu Mountain, Li Wei, among them, there are raw Li, cooked Li. The native agarwood... Green Guimu, Hualimu , the genus of sea plum."
The Qing Dynasty's Cheng Bingjian's "Zongzhou Miscellaneous Poems" summarizes the products of Hainan Island in the form of seven-character poems. One of the poems specifically mentions "Hua Limu": "Hua Lilong and Xiang Nan, Liang Jia Gongshu 4 3. Competing for the sea to ask for wood, tea Zen as to Zhaozhou. "There is an annotation under the poem but the flower Li is written as "Pear": "Pearl, keel, Xiangnan are the treasures of Hainan wood."
In summary, what we call today is the various names of "Huahua", "Pearl" and "Hua Li" in ancient China. In the historical materials about this kind of wood, it is produced in Hainan, southern Guangdong. The records of the island area account for the vast majority, such as "Yazhou Changhua Lingshui", "Wenchang Lingshui", "Lishan", "Hainan". It is only mentioned in "Materia Medica" that "Flower Palms come out of Annan and Hainan". "Nan Yue Notes" records the tribute of the lord of the city, "there are... ebony, sumu, rosewood", "Wu Shu Zhou Lun" mentioned in the city's special products, there is "tank" Fragrant, cedar, burnt incense, rosewood, etc. According to "Annan" and "Zhancheng" are located in today's Vietnam. It can be seen that in the records of the ancients, Hainan Island in China is the main producing area of ​​“Pear Blossomâ€, “Flower Palm†and “Hua Liâ€.
For a long time, there have been many sayings about the origin of the word "Huanghua Pear". Some people think that it was because of the heavy use of new low-grade rosewood in the late Qing Dynasty that a "yellow" word was added before the pear. Some people think that it was the early 20th century. In order to distinguish the old and new pears in the study of Ming style furniture, the China Construction Society, founded by the famous scholar Liang Sicheng, added the word “yellow†to the old pear in Ming furniture, but what is the name of “huanghuali� Only when it appeared, many classical furniture experts were unable to find a clear record in the historical literature.
According to the record of the "Da Qing Emperor's Record of the Emperor of the Qing Dynasty", in the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu, in June, the Qing Prince was playing a memorial for the emperor of the Empress Dowager Cixi: "The priests, the princes of the Qing dynasty, the buddha Wannianjidi, the main hall wood plant, in addition to the upper and lower cockroaches, still according to the original estimate, I would like to use the South cypress wood, the rest intends to use yellow rosewood, to be the same."
According to the "Da Qing Emperor Dezong Emperor Record" volume 471 records: "(Guangxu twenty-three autumn and July) ugly, è°• 机 机 minister, etc., 朕 奉 奉 禧 禧 禧 佑 佑 é¢ é¢ é¢ è±« 豫 豫 豫 豫 æ æ æ æ æ å´‡The purpose of the decree, the thing is to match the temple, according to the hall with yellow pear wood color, cover the cover paint, Yu Yi. "According to the "Da Qing Emperor Dezong Emperor Record" records: "(Guangxu twenty-four years September) celebration of the Prince, etc. Jidibao eucalyptus plant paint color, please aim, follow the deeds, change to use yellow rosewood, natural color lacquer paint."
It can be seen from the above records that during the reign of Emperor Guangxu in the late Qing Dynasty, when the Qing Prince built a mausoleum for the Empress Dowager Cixi in Zunhua, Hebei Province, he proposed to use the "Huanghualianmu" in the building materials of the Mausoleum, and on both sides of the Cixi Mausoleum and the Jidi. Baodi, "The main hall of the wood, in addition to the upper and lower scorpion, still according to the original estimate, I would like to use the South cypress wood, the rest intends to use the yellow rosewood, to return to the same." Qing princes on the fold is the Guangxu twenty-three years In June, that is, in 1897, this is the earliest and most clear record of the "Yellow Pearwood" that has been seen in the historical literature. According to this, the name "Huanghua Pear" has appeared at the latest in the Guangxu period of the late Qing Dynasty.
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