Over the years, tiny supercapacitors that can be mounted on chips have been widely sought after by scientists. The key to determining the performance of capacitors is their electrode materials. Potential “players†include graphene, titanium carbide, and porous carbon. According to a report recently published by the German Spectroscopy magazine website, the research team of the Finnish National Technical Research Center (VTT) recently turned its attention to an “impossible†weak current material, porous silicon, in order to turn it into a powerful capacitor, team innovation A layer of nanometer-thick titanium nitride coating is applied to the surface to change its properties.
The team leader, Mika Prenella, explained that uncoated porous silicon is an extremely poor capacitor electrode material due to the instability caused by chemical reactions and low power due to high resistance. Coating with titanium nitride provides chemical inertness and high conductivity, resulting in high stability and high power, and porous silicon has a large surface area matrix.
According to a paper published online by Nano Energy, a magazine published by the Dutch Elsevier Publishing Group, the new electrode device has undergone 13,000 charge-discharge cycles without significant capacitance reduction. Prenilla said that the report data is limited by the time of detection, not the actual performance of the electrode. They continued to charge and discharge their cycles, and they have reached 50,000 times so far, and even dried the electrodes during the cycle, without physical damage or electrical performance degradation. "The supercapacitor requires a stable 100,000 cycles. At present, the capacitive device using porous silicon-titanium nitride (Si-TiN) as the electrode can completely pass 50,000 tests."
In terms of power density and energy density, the new electrode device is comparable to the most advanced ultracapacitor currently available. Current chip microcapsules made from graphene oxide/redoxene oxide have a power density of 200 watts/cm3, an energy density of 2 mW/cm3, and a new electrode device with a power density of 214 W/cm3. It is 1.3 mW/cm3. Prenilla said that these figures mark the first time that silicon-based materials have reached the standards for carbon-based and graphene-based electrode solutions.
From the power stabilizers of electronic products to local energy acquisition memories, chip supercapacitors have a wide range of applications. Prenilla said that they still have some difficulties in the overall design. The capacitance per unit area still needs to be improved. To achieve the highest level of technology licensing, they need further study. (Reporter Chang Lijun)
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