Imitation Ancient Pottery Soaked in Urine
Fraudulent artifacts are typically created in two main stages. The first step involves making the item look authentic by replicating the materials and techniques used in ancient times. For example, when it comes to porcelain, forgers go to great lengths to match the composition of historical pieces. They might source specific clay from well-known locations—like the Taihou Pit in Tuen Mun, Anhui Province, which was once excavated during the reign of Empress Dowager Cixi—or use high-quality kaolin from nearby villages, sometimes spending over 100 yuan per bag.
Once the material is matched, the object is considered a craft piece. However, to make it appear truly ancient, a second process is required: aging. This stage is crucial in deceiving experts and collectors alike.
One common method of aging pottery is to bury it in tomb soil for at least a month. This helps dull the surface and infuse it with the natural elements found in graves—such as moisture, gases, and even traces of organic matter. Additionally, some forgers use strong chemicals like potassium permanganate or hydrofluoric acid to create artificial corrosion, further mimicking the effects of time.
Jade forgeries also involve similar techniques. There are generally two types: old jade made new, or new jade made to look old. To age new jade, forgers may apply heat, burn it, soak it in acids, or even bury it in a mixture of ash and grain to simulate long-term exposure to the earth. One particularly bizarre method involves placing the jade inside a dog’s abdomen and burying it, allowing the blood and soil to stain the stone over time—this is known as “dog jade.â€
Old furniture is similarly manipulated. New pieces are deliberately broken, baked, and then cooled rapidly to create cracks and deformations. Some parts are charred with a blowtorch, and the color is adjusted using substances like shoe polish. The legs are often rubbed with sand and soaked in vinegar to give them an aged appearance. Lime paste is then applied, creating a chemical reaction that erodes the surface. Finally, the furniture is placed under a birdcage to simulate long-term use through dust and droppings.
For ancient porcelain, the process often begins with removing the “thief lightâ€â€”the unnatural shine that makes new porcelain look too bright. This is done by soaking the piece in strong acid, which etches the glaze and creates small cracks resembling those found on real antiques. After this, the porcelain is cooked in a mixture of tea, salt, alkali, ink, and Other substances, allowing the colors to seep into the cracks. Some pieces are even buried in soil mixed with lead and copper compounds to enhance the aging effect.
In the case of Tang Sancai (three-color ceramics), forgers use advanced techniques such as high-temperature heating followed by rapid cooling to create natural-looking cracks. They may also remove layers of glaze to mimic wear, or apply ink to form “iron wire†patterns. To fool modern dating methods like thermoluminescence, some counterfeiters expose the items to X-rays, claiming that just one second of radiation can simulate a thousand years of aging.
Finally, fake bronze artifacts are often treated with acidic solutions to create artificial rust. The pieces are then buried underground, sometimes with urine poured over them, to blend the man-made corrosion with natural oxidation. Over time, these objects take on the appearance of true relics, appearing as if they have witnessed centuries of history.
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