At present, the widespread use of chemical pesticides has raised growing concerns about pesticide residues, leading to an increasing demand for pesticide-free vegetables. As a result, the development of green agriculture has become a necessary trend in modern farming practices.
To produce pollution-free vegetables, several types of pesticides are available:
**Biological pesticides** are highly effective and safe, with high efficiency, low toxicity, no residue, and slow resistance development. Examples include bacterial insecticides like BT (Bacillus thuringiensis), avermectin, fungal insecticides such as B. albicans, insect virus insecticides, and pheromones like sex attractants.
Plant-based pesticides are another category, derived from natural plant extracts. These substances have anti-feeding, repellent, developmental inhibition, and reproductive disruption effects. Examples include azadirachtin and chuanxiong.
Insect growth regulators interfere with pest development by preventing molting, and they are harmless to humans and animals while being environmentally friendly. Common examples include yinbao, diflubenzuron, and chlorpyrifos.
Efficient, fast-acting, and low-residue agents, such as pyrethroids, are widely used. Newer varieties like tetrabromoester can reduce pest populations by 8,000 to 10,000 times, with minimal residue and a short safety interval.
New insecticides, such as imidacloprid and Akthai, have unique structures and mechanisms that make them highly effective against resistant pests. They are systemic, low-toxic, and efficient, especially for controlling whiteflies.
New antibiotic preparations, like spinosad, are highly effective against vegetable pests but safe for humans and animals, with a short safety interval, making them ideal for use in vegetable fields.
Efficient, fast-acting, and highly selective agents, such as carbamate anti-Polygon, target specific pests like aphids with contact, stomach, and fumigation effects, without harming other organisms or crops. This makes them an ideal choice for maintaining ecological balance.
When using pesticides for pollution-free vegetable production, it is crucial to apply the right product. Based on a full understanding of pesticide properties, select the appropriate type or formulation according to the pest species.
Timing is also essential. According to the life cycle of pests and diseases, the optimal time for treatment should be strictly followed. Early intervention is key—preventing and controlling disease at its initial stage helps stop its spread. For insect pests, early treatment is more effective than waiting until they mature.
Scientific application is important. Rotate different pesticides with varying modes of action to prevent resistance and maintain effectiveness. In the early stages of crop growth, mix or alternate between high-efficiency, low-toxicity chemical and biological pesticides, and focus on bio-pesticides in later stages. Use low-volume spraying methods to reduce waste.
Choose the correct spray location based on the occurrence patterns of pests and diseases. Target specific plant parts for better control, reducing the need for excessive pesticide use. For example, downy mildew often starts on lower leaves, so early prevention should focus there. Aphids and whiteflies tend to gather on the underside of young leaves, so spraying should be done carefully with nozzles facing upward.
Combining pesticides effectively can control multiple pests and diseases in one application. However, mixing should ensure compatibility, maintain efficacy, avoid increased toxicity, and preserve good physical properties. Neutral and acidic pesticides can be mixed, but alkaline ones should not be combined with others. Microbial pesticides should not be mixed with fungicides or systemic pesticides.
Finally, always follow the pesticide safety interval. Pyrethroid pesticides require 5–7 days, organophosphorus pesticides 7–14 days, and some fungicides like chlorothalonil, daisen zinc, and carbendazim need over 14 days. The longest safety interval among the mixture should be observed to ensure food safety.
Needle Valve,High Pressure Needle Valve,Stainless Steel Needle Valve
Chongqing Xingjida Import and Export Trade Co., Ltd. , https://www.xjdvalve.com