Basic knowledge of office furniture materials

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Office furniture material classification:

(1) Aluminum: Aluminum is a non-ferrous metal commonly used in the furniture industry. It's known for its versatility and is often used in components like screen frames, hanging beams, table legs, decorative trims, handles, and structural parts. Its adaptability allows for creative and functional designs.

There are two main types of aluminum materials: extruded aluminum profiles and die-cast aluminum alloys. The former uses high-purity aluminum ingots (over 92%) mixed with other elements to enhance strength, hardness, and wear resistance, forming various "alloys."

1.1 Extruded Aluminum Profiles: These are widely used in screens, windows, and other structural parts. The manufacturing process involves melting aluminum in a furnace and then extruding it through a die to create different cross-sectional shapes. The properties, such as strength and hardness, meet national standards like GB6063.

Advantages: Lightweight, weighing only 2.8 g/cm³, resistant to rust, easy to modify during design, low mold cost, and can be produced in lengths up to 10 meters. The surface is typically anodized, with an oxide layer thickness of about 0.12 mm. Wall thickness varies between 0.5–5 mm, depending on the design. Thicker isn't always better, as it should be optimized based on structural needs.

Disadvantages: Potential issues include warping, deformation, black lines, bumps, and white lines. These can be minimized with advanced design and proper mold production. Defects are usually checked by visual inspection at a distance of 40–50 cm. Unoxidized aluminum may corrode over time, leading to performance issues. It’s less strong than iron in some aspects, and the oxide layer is not as scratch-resistant as plating. The cost is significantly higher, about 3–4 times that of iron products.

1.2 Die-Cast Aluminum Alloys: This method differs from extrusion, using a casting machine to shape molten aluminum (with around 92% purity) and alloying elements. The result is highly customizable, allowing for complex shapes and multi-directional connections. It also offers high hardness and can be combined with zinc to make zinc-aluminum alloys.

Die-Casting Process: 1. Die casting, 2. Rough polishing to remove excess material, 3. Fine polishing for a smooth finish. However, the molds used are expensive and difficult to repair, making them more costly than injection molds. Design errors can lead to significant challenges in mold adjustments.

Defects: Die-cast aluminum requires large production volumes to be cost-effective. The process is more complex, resulting in longer production cycles. The cost is roughly 3–4 times that of injection-molded parts. Screw holes must be larger (around 4.5 mm in diameter) to ensure secure connections.

Applications: Commonly used for table legs, connector pieces, decorative caps, sealing parts, countertop supports, and coffee table bases. Its versatility makes it ideal for a wide range of furniture applications.

(2) Hardware: In common terms, hardware refers to metal components used in furniture, such as tubes, rods, plates, wires, and horns. Technically, it falls into two categories: ferrous metals (like iron and steel) and non-ferrous metals (such as aluminum and copper). These parts play a crucial role in assembly and functionality.

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