Abstract Big but not strong, the word believes that readers who know the machinery industry will not be unfamiliar. Indeed, this term has been repeatedly mentioned by the heads of different industry associations in various conferences. The machine tool is the hardest hit. There is no reason for it, because the machine tool is the mother machine of the equipment industry, other such as...
Big but not strong, the word believes that readers who know the machinery industry will not be unfamiliar. Indeed, this term has been repeatedly mentioned by the heads of different industry associations in various conferences. The machine tool is the hardest hit. There is no reason for this, because the machine tool is the mother machine of the equipment industry. Others such as heavy machinery and automobile industry can not draw the whip to the machine tool equipment. He said: "The equipment is not good, so the impact is exerted."
Of course, in our opinion, this obviously cannot be established. After all, it is well known that in the past, the automobile industry was equipped with machine tools of foreign brands of Yishui.
Of course, this is not enough to cover up the problems inherent in China's machine tool industry. After all, the annual import value of machine tools has been high, which is an indisputable fact.
A business executive once said that when identifying whether a country's machinery industry is strong, people care about several aspects of performance. For example, whether it has mastered the core technology of independent intellectual property rights; whether it has strong major equipment technology capabilities; whether it has a high proportion of high-end equipment, and whether its quality of mainstream technology equipment is in the world's leading position.
Yes, according to this criterion, the machine tool industry is indeed a big gap. In particular, the industry is underpowered by the high-end machine tool market, and it has been rare to have exciting news.
Because of the "mother of industry" - the inconsistency of CNC machine tools, China is not fully autonomous in the manufacture of many high-end products. Efficient automotive engines, aircraft engine turbine disks, aircraft fuselages, nuclear power plant components, high-speed train heads, etc., rely to varying degrees on foreign machine tools.
For example, the blades of an engine must be extremely precise to ensure that it operates at high temperatures and pressures. The blades present complex curved surfaces and must be machined with a high-speed, ultra-precise and powerful five-axis linkage. The same is true for the blades of nuclear power and gas turbines.
High-precision lenses required in the electronics industry and other fields, as well as the processing of missile seekers, also require ultra-precision five-axis linkage machines; aircraft webs and wings require ultra-high-speed machine tools; large aircraft and nuclear power plant components require large pressures Machines; the manufacture of composite materials required for aerospace requires a wire laying machine... All areas where China's manufacturing industry is relatively weak, and insufficient machine tool processing capacity are the most critical obstacles.
In the face of these, the domestic high-end CNC machine tools are obviously "insufficient in gas." However, it needs to be stated that the reporter here does not mean the lack of a single high-end machine tool, but the lack of a large number of high-end machine tools industrialized and market-oriented products that are very competitive. Of course, this kind of statement needs to put forward an annotation. The Jinan No. 2 machine tool is already different.
On July 11th, Jinan No. 2 Machine Tool announced that it will win the large-scale press line project of Ford Motor Company's Kentucky plant in the United States after the orders for the two large stamping production lines in Ford Motor Company's two factories in Kansas and Detroit in 2011.
It is reported that the factory has been using two German-made stamping lines. This time, Ford chose to make it in China.
People in the machine tool industry understand the significance of the automotive market for metal cutting machines. According to many years of historical experience, nearly half of the domestically produced metal cutting machine tools are supplied to the automotive industry. But sadly, the domestic machine tool industry rarely enters key areas such as engine production lines. In China's automakers, most of the equipment required for the four major processes (stamping, welding, painting, final assembly) needs to be imported.
Analysis of the successful experience of Jinan No. 2 Machine Tool, we can easily find that the reason why it can win glory for domestic machine tools in the international market is not unrelated to its success in the domestic auto market. After all, Jinan No. 2 Machine Tool has more than 80% market share in the domestic automotive CNC stamping equipment field.
We are also very clear that many leading enterprises in China's auto industry have a background of joint ventures, which also laid the foundation for Jinan No. 2 machine tools to go out, so that foreign auto giants can purchase their products with confidence.
In recent years, the state has given many encouragement policies to the machine tool industry to help domestic machine tool enterprises to exert their strength in the high-end market. For example, according to the special plan of “high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipmentâ€, by 2020, about 80% of high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment required for aerospace, shipbuilding, automobile and power generation equipment manufacturing will be based in China.
So who are the main bearers of these responsibilities? The answer is undoubtedly the leading company in each sub-sector. These are also the beneficiaries of major special policies.
Of course, through the display of major transformation achievements in recent years, we have indeed seen the emergence of a large number of outstanding achievements, and its individual technical indicators are also remarkable. The only regrettable thing is that marketization and industrialization are not enough. In the case of popular sentences, it is not enough.
There are many reasons for this situation. Among them, the small and medium-sized customers can't afford it, and the big companies don't dare to use it.
The former is well understood. Because of the high cost of high-end CNC machine tools, although the price is superior to imported similar products, it is not a small expense in terms of high prices. "There is no way, the key components of our machine tool are imported from abroad, and the cost itself is very high." A business person said.
“But even the simplest parts, once used on precision machine tools, must achieve a certain degree of precision. The functional components required for CNC machine tools, such as bearings, oscillating heads and gratings, are difficult to produce first-class standards in China. Products. Therefore, these customers often limit branding."
The most common components such as lead screws, guide rails, and knives have not improved. These costs are unhelpful for Chinese companies that are committed to building high-end CNC machine tools.
Therefore, we cannot blame domestic machine tool manufacturers for not working hard. In fact, since last year, the growth of domestic machinery industry demand has shown a slowing trend. Many touch-sensitive machine tool enterprises have already felt that with the transformation and upgrading of China’s national economy, the initial needs of industrialization The explosive growth period is about to pass, and the requirements for equipment level and quality will be higher and higher in various industries. China's high-end CNC machine tool market will become a battleground for the military.
In this atmosphere, transformation and upgrading has become a consensus. The next step is how each family turns, which direction to turn, how to be any practical problems of the user.
It is the most irrational behavior to blame the user for not using it. After all, the user is God, and the user is wrong. Then the rest is just a question of how to fight for opportunities.
The key projects may be the primary recommendation for high-end products of various enterprises, because their demonstration benefits are obvious. But the competition is high and the threshold is high.
To this end, some companies have proposed to the tendering enterprises in the early stage to put the machine tool products into the factory for free trial, in order to gain the trust of customers.
But this is only a point-to-point trick. To be reverberating in the industry, the best thing is to provide a solution for the entire production line, but this is obviously not at a level with the difficulty of a single supply. The latter requires an increase in the capabilities of the company. Therefore, this is also the important reason why the key enterprises in the industry need to take the lead in the high-end domestic machine tool industry.
However, for domestic machine tool enterprises, a good news is that in recent years, the state has formulated a series of policies in the areas of bidding and procurement of major construction projects to encourage the improvement of localization. It is stipulated that the localization rate of related products must reach certain targets, in order to participate in the bidding of major construction projects, and enjoy the tax rebate for imported parts. Virtual high localization rate
However, as we often say, there are policies and downstream countermeasures.
In the face of the booming Chinese market, some overseas multinational companies have taken countermeasures to break through the “localization rate†review in China and occupy China's high-end market.
Taking other industries as an example, in the field of wind power equipment, the country requires that the “localization rate†of wind turbine manufacturing should reach more than 70% to participate in the bidding for wind power projects. However, some foreign-funded enterprises entering the wind power market in China set up factories and set up joint ventures. Or to provide suppliers with licenses and drawings of the foundry methods, you can successfully pass the "localization rate" review, get wind power construction projects. The localization rate has become the local supply rate of wind turbine parts, rather than the true state-owned intellectual property ratio, and the key core technologies have not been mastered by local Chinese companies.
In the field of nuclear power, the state vigorously promotes the autonomy of nuclear power technology and equipment, and has clear requirements for the “localization rate†of equipment. Objectively, the project owners should give priority to purchasing domestically produced goods when purchasing nuclear power equipment. However, overseas nuclear power equipment enterprises can meet the “localization†requirements for nuclear power equipment procurement in China through joint ventures and cooperation with local enterprises. But in fact, such cooperation often does not really involve the transfer of core technology, and the core technology is still in the hands of foreign parties.
It can be said that such Sino-foreign cooperation, the focus of the two sides can be described as tacit, that is, in order to let the joint venture products label the localization, and participate in the construction project bidding. And peeling off its domestically produced labels, the core is still an authentic imported product, and after these bends, it is not "localized."
In fact, in China's machine tool manufacturing industry is not so lack of high-end technology, it is not so lack of high-end products today, if the imported machine tools are still monopolizing the high-end market in China blamed on design capabilities and technical level, it is obviously unfair.
Compared with the vigorous research and development and heavy design, it is a light manufacturing and light process phenomenon that is common in China's machine tool manufacturing industry. This has a close relationship with the scale of impetus that companies have been unable to contain in the past, making the company very impetuous.
For example, some enterprises want to take the lead, regardless of whether the process is perfect, whether the process is reasonable, whether the processing equipment is in place, and whether the technicians are suitable. Once the new products pass the appraisal, they are eager to industrialize and grab the market on the scale, lest they lose the opportunity. The result is often counterproductive and screams.
As a result, serious illnesses and minor illnesses are inevitable, and the direct result is that the reliability of machine tool products has become unreliable. When users only buy cheap domestically produced high-end CNC machine tools, Looking forward to high-end and not high-quality domestic CNC machine tools to completely replace imports, has become a luxury.
As long as the manufacturing process is still short-board, high-end technology will shrink and high-end design will be discounted. To truly make domestic high-end machine tools truly market-oriented, we must make a real change from the mentality.
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