Since the summer, there have been frequent rains and heavy rainfall in our county. The fruit trees have experienced severe wet damage. Some of the orchard leaves have browned and died. The early defoliation of brown spot disease occurs earlier, and some fruit growers are spring. The freeze damage reduction and management, the reduction of fertilizer input, and the declining tree strength of individual orchards have adversely affected the bumper harvest of this year and next year. The majority of fruit farmers should not relax the management of the middle and late stages of the orchard, and attach great importance to the prevention and control of pests and diseases.
First, the situation
Early defoliation: the rate of brown spot disease is 54.9%, the average diseased leaf rate is 10.3%, and the serious orchard disease rate is 72.1%. The leaf rate of spotted deciduous disease was 5.1%, and the rate of serious orchard disease was 10.5%.
Powdery mildew: the disease rate is 52.3%, the diseased leaf rate is 3.4%, the disease rate is 21.1%, the serious orchard disease rate is 18.5%, and the disease rate is 39.2%.
The golden moth: the rate of the insect garden is 78.9%, the rate of the insect leaf is 6.9%, the average louver has 6.9 worm spots, and the larvae have 3.1 larvae, 蛹0.5 heads, 0.9 small apis, and plaques 2.4; individual orchards The highest single leaf has 5 plaques.
Whole claws: The whole county is lightly affected, but some of the orchards that sprayed Bordeaux liquid are slightly heavier, the rate of insects and leaves is 1.1%, the average venetian has 210 heads, and the highest single leaf has 7 heads.
Silver-spotted leaf miner: This insect has increased in the county in recent years, with a rate of 12.9%, a rate of 3.1%, a rate of 1.4%, and an average of 2.7 larvae.
The small leaf moth: The rate of worms is 9.3%, the rate of worms is 4.5%, the average venetian worm has 4.5, and there are 2.8 larvae and 1.2 lice.
In addition to the above pests and diseases, the second most common pests are mosaic disease, yellow leaf disease, lobular disease, and hawthorn leafhopper.
First, prevention measures
1. Agricultural control: First, timely clearing the weeds in the tree, improving the ventilation and light transmission of the orchard to reduce the humidity of the fruit trees; second, by spraying the foliar fertilizer and soil fertilizers, supplementing the nutrients of the fruit trees to improve the self-resistance of the fruit trees; It is timely to remove the diseased leaves of the orchard to reduce the number of pathogens and prevent the leaves from becoming a new infecting pathogen.
Second, chemical agents:
Formulation 1: 70% propionate zinc 800 times + difenoconazole 10% 3000 times + 4.5% lambda-cyhalothrin 3000-4000 times + foliar fertilizer
Formulation 2: 80% mancozeb 800 times + 30% oxazolol 4000 times + 24% snail ester 5000 times + 25% chlorpyrifos 1000 times + foliar fertilizer.
Third, note:
1. Selection of medicaments: In the case of prevention and treatment, insecticides and acaricides can be selected according to the actual occurrence of pests and diseases in the orchard and the medication.
2. Dispensing of chemical liquid: It should be strictly in accordance with the concentration of use. It is not allowed to expand or reduce the concentration at will. At the same time, attention should be paid to the compounding and alternating use of pesticides so as not to affect the control effect or phytotoxicity.
3. Pay attention to the occurrence of pests: It is recommended that the fruit farmers pay close attention to the occurrence dynamics of orchard red spiders and do a good job in prevention and treatment in a timely manner.
(Source: Luochuan County Plant Protection Station)
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