Recently, a groundbreaking invention titled "Application of Polyhexamethylene Dihydrochloride in Controlling Citrus Acid Rot and Its Preservative" has been granted a national invention patent. This innovation was developed by researchers from the South China Botanical Garden, part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The study focuses on addressing one of the most challenging issues in citrus preservation—acid rot—which significantly affects the quality and shelf life of citrus fruits like sugar oranges.
Citrus is the world's most widely consumed fruit, but it is classified as a non-climacteric fruit, meaning it doesn't undergo significant respiratory changes after harvest. However, its post-harvest metabolic activity remains high, leading to a quick decline in flavor and nutritional value. Sugar oranges, in particular, are known for their thin skin and juicy flesh, which makes them highly susceptible to post-harvest diseases such as acid rot, green mold, black rot, and soft rot. These diseases not only reduce the marketability of the fruit but also cause economic losses for farmers and distributors.
Currently, the primary method used to control these diseases involves low-temperature storage combined with chemical fungicides. Commonly used fungicides include carbendazim, thiabendazole, imazalil, and bismuth salts (such as Baccarat). While these treatments help reduce decay, they are not fully effective, especially when it comes to controlling acid rot, which remains a persistent problem in citrus storage.
In response to this challenge, researchers have turned to an innovative and environmentally friendly alternative: polyhexamethylene dihydrochloride (PHMG). This compound is a newly synthesized broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent that works by targeting the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane of pathogens. PHMG binds to fatty acids in the phospholipid layer of the cell membrane, causing rapid disruption of the membrane structure. This leads to the leakage of cellular contents and ultimately results in the death of the pathogen, offering a highly effective antibacterial mechanism.
According to the China Pesticide Network, the research team has proposed the use of PHMG as a novel preservative for citrus fruits. Their developed preservative has shown remarkable effectiveness in inhibiting post-harvest decay, particularly acid rot, during storage. By significantly reducing disease occurrence, this new solution can greatly enhance the quality, longevity, and market value of citrus fruits, offering a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to traditional chemical treatments.
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