Cabbage is a popular vegetable that is generally safe for human consumption. However, when fed to pigs, it can be dangerous if not handled properly. This is due to the presence of nitrates in cabbage. When used as pig feed, if the cabbage is left covered or stored in a hot environment for extended periods, bacteria can convert the nitrates into nitrites. These nitrites are toxic to pigs and can lead to poisoning.
Symptoms of cabbage poisoning in pigs typically appear within 30 minutes after consumption. Affected pigs may experience difficulty breathing, tremors, an inability to walk normally, and may adopt a dog-like sitting position. They might also foam at the mouth, and their skin, ears, and nose may turn pale. The tips of the ears may feel cold, and body temperature may drop. Severe cases can result in convulsions and, if not treated promptly, death.
To prevent such poisoning, it's important to handle cabbage carefully when preparing it for pigs. First, avoid overcooking or covering the cabbage while cooking. Stir it constantly and remove it from heat immediately once cooked. Allow it to cool before feeding. Only prepare the amount needed for immediate use.
Another preventive measure is to feed pigs a small portion of raw cabbage, but not in large quantities, as this could cause digestive issues like diarrhea. It's also crucial to avoid feeding any rotten or spoiled cabbage to pigs, as it can increase the risk of poisoning.
If a pig shows signs of poisoning, immediate action is necessary. First, drain blood from the ears and tail to reduce toxin absorption. Then administer a 2% sodium bicarbonate solution intravenously at a dose of 0.1–0.2 ml per kilogram of body weight. A second dose should be given two hours later.
Additionally, wash the pig’s stomach with a 0.02% potassium permanganate solution to help neutralize toxins. As a supportive treatment, you can give a decoction made from 30 grams each of mung beans and hay, once daily. These steps can significantly improve the chances of recovery if done quickly and correctly. Always consult a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment.
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