Cabbage wilt is a devastating disease. The disease mainly caused cabbage chlorosis, affecting the ball, and eventually died. In the diseased field, obvious dying dying and dead seedlings can be seen, and the yield loss is as high as 30% or more. Seriously, it is often destroyed and become one of the most headaches of vegetable farmers in the cabbage planting area. Due to the disease of soil vascular bundles in Fusarium wilt, the pathogens are highly resistant to spores and have long survival time in the soil. Agricultural measures and chemical control are difficult to be effective. Practice has proved that the use of resistant varieties is a safe, cost-effective way to control blight.
The comprehensive control technology of cabbage wilt is integrated with the use of disease-resistant varieties, combined with seed disinfection, disease-free soil seedlings, clean pastoral, wrong development period, transplanting and implementation of rotation techniques. The effect of controlling cabbage wilt is over 90%, the yield loss is reduced to less than 5%, and the use of chemical agents is reduced, environmental pollution is reduced, and the income of vegetable farmers is increased. Its control technology is as follows:
First, planting disease-resistant varieties
Planting disease-resistant varieties is a key measure to control cabbage wilt. Domestic varieties can be selected from the varieties of resistance to wilt disease cultivated by the Institute of Vegetables and Flowers of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhonggan 96 and Zhonggan 18, and foreign varieties can be selected such as Jane, Green Tailang, Xiaqiang and Baihui.
Second, strengthen seed treatment, implement disease-free soil seedling selection of disease-resistant varieties, while paying attention to the cultivation of strong seedlings without pests and diseases. The seed dressing and coating treatment of cabbage seeds can prevent the spread of pathogens with seeds, and can also serve as a protective barrier to prevent the infestation of seeds and seedlings in the soil. It can be mixed with 50% carbendazim WP powder with a seed quality of 0.3%. Seeding, or coating with a seed quality of 3% of 2.5% of a suitable seed coating agent, to a certain extent can control the occurrence of disease hazards.
Choose a field that has never been planted with cruciferous crops or has never had cabbage blight as a seedbed. Before sowing, the seedbed will be loosened and simmered, the amount of base fertilizer applied or the appropriate amount of urea applied as the base fertilizer, and the necessary chemical treatment will be carried out. . Appropriate amount of carbendazim or methyl thiophanate or 30% wilting spirit, Luheng 1 and Luheng 2 on the surface of the trampoline soil, mix and spread the seeds directly on the trampoline to reduce the risk of disease degree.
Third, strengthen the field management
The seedlings are moderate, and the soil in the seedling stage is prevented from drought. In the dry year of the seedling stage and the ground temperature is too high, it is desirable to water the plants to cool down and ensure the normal development of the root system. Clean up the pastures in time, remove the diseased plants and diseased bodies in the front and the field, prevent them from spreading in the field with agricultural operations or become the source of infection. During the hot season, the sick body can be concentrated in a place where the sun can be directly exposed, and then covered with a plastic film. The sun is used to raise the temperature under the film until the sick body is completely rotted, thereby killing the bacteria and helping to control the disease to expand in the field. Harm and spread.
Fourth, the implementation of crop rotation disease prevention
Rotation can control soil-borne diseases to a certain extent. It is recommended to choose to rotate with non-cruciferous vegetables (such as Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae, etc.) for more than 3 years to reduce the accumulation of Fusarium oxysporum in the soil caused by continuous cropping and to control the occurrence of diseases.
Fifth, adjust the transplanting period, avoid the peak of development disease
The peak period of cabbage wilt in northern China is concentrated in June to September. Therefore, appropriate early sowing of spring cabbage and appropriate delay of sowing in autumn cabbage can avoid the peak of wilt disease, thus reducing the damage of blight to cabbage.
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