This passage primarily focuses on the thread standards of nipples and pipes in Europe. If you're looking for specific information, feel free to click the blue titles to jump directly to the relevant sections.
**1. Pipe Nipples: Types and Thread Standards**
**(1) Types**
- **Running Nipple/Close Nipple**: Both have threaded sections that almost cover the entire nipple. Running nipples are longer than standard ones, allowing for closer connections in piping systems, offering flexibility in length adjustments. On the other hand, close nipples are shorter, featuring threads on most of the fitting with a small unthreaded section in the middle, typically used to connect two fittings or valves closely to avoid excessive gaps.
- **Long Screw Pipe Nipple**: Similar to running nipples but longer, with threads covering a significant portion of the joint. This provides more room for adjustments during installation, making them highly versatile in piping systems that require regulated installations within set limits. These nipples are stable and adjustable, and I’ll provide more details on long screw pipe nipples and their associated thread standards later in this article.
- **Barrel Nipple**: Threads are present on both ends, with an unthreaded middle section, creating a barrel-like shape. This design enhances strength and stability, making it ideal for plumbing systems in construction, water systems, and the petrochemical industry.
- **Welding Nipple**: These nipples are welded onto other pipes or facilities to create a permanent connection. Unlike others, they can be replaced by simply unscrewing the threaded ends, providing a strong, leak-proof option for high-pressure environments like steam or oil pipelines.
- **Reducing Hose Nipple**: This type features one large diameter and one smaller diameter connector, facilitating connections between pipelines and tubes with varying diameters. This design allows for easy adjustments in pressure and flow, making it ideal for liquid transportation.
**(2) Standards**
Pipe nipples follow a general standard known as DIN2982, ensuring interchangeability, reliability, and airtightness. This standard specifies design, manufacturing, and inspection requirements for nipples, detailing standard diameters and screw pitches with male threads across various specifications to ensure reliable connections with other fittings. Materials typically include carbon steel, stainless steel, and alloys to meet diverse environmental demands regarding corrosion resistance and strength.
Nipples also adhere to three common international thread standards:
- **DIN2999**: A German standard popular in European countries, ensuring airtightness for gas and liquid transport in industrial applications.
- **BS21**: Established by the British Standards Institution, it offers two types of threads—tapered (BSPT) and straight (BSPP), both capable of forming good seals without gaskets or sealing materials.
- **ISO7-1**: An international criterion applicable to various industrial and construction piping systems.
These standards are highly compatible and share similar designs to standardize thread connections globally.
**2. An Overview of Industrial Pipes**
**(1) Standards**
Industrial pipes follow different standards based on their intended use. The primary standards are DIN2440 from Germany and BS1387 from the UK, which define production parameters, dimensions, functions, and more.
- **DIN2440**: Commonly used for gas and water transport, HVAC, etc., these pipes typically have thinner to medium wall thicknesses, designed for medium and low-pressure applications.
- **BS1387**: A British standard suitable for water, gas, and liquid transport, available in light, medium, and heavy thicknesses to cater to various pressure requirements.
**(2) Thickness**
Pipes come in varying thicknesses, categorized as light, medium, and heavy, each suited for different pressure resistance, weight, and application scenarios.
- **Light**: Thinnest with schedules 10 or 20, ideal for low-pressure liquid transport in domestic water supply, HVAC, and light construction. Lightweight, easy to install, and cost-effective.
- **Medium**: Offers moderate thickness and strength, between light and heavy pipes. Suitable for moderate temperature and pressure liquid transport in industries and construction. Cost-effective and versatile.
- **Heavy**: Thicker than light and medium pipes, designed for high-pressure environments such as the chemical industry, gas transport, and steam systems. Known for strength and durability, they’re often used in boiler tubes and high-pressure gas plumbing.
**(3) Extra-Heavy Pipes**
These pipes have a specific thickness, schedule 160 or higher, designed for extreme environments. With exceptional strength and durability, they’re ideal for nuclear power stations, deep-sea drilling, and high-pressure steam pipelines.
**3. Surface Treatments**
**(1) Electro-Galvanized**
Provides a thin, shiny coating with low corrosion resistance, suitable for dry environments. Cost-effective and aesthetically pleasing.
**(2) Hot-Dip Galvanized**
Forms a thicker, corrosion-resistant layer, capable of withstanding outdoor and harsh conditions. While the appearance may not be as appealing, its performance is superior.
Choose hot-dip galvanized fittings for long-term use in harsh environments, whereas electro-galvanized options are more economical for short-term, environmentally friendly applications.
**4. More Information About Long-Screw Pipes**
Long-screw pipes conform to the ISO7-1 standard and come in various types:
**(1) Parallel Thread**
Means the outer and inner diameters of the threaded portion remain constant, ideal for low-pressure and detachable connections.
**(2) Taper Thread**
One end has a larger diameter than the other, creating a better seal when connected, suitable for high-temperature or high-pressure environments.
**(3) Cylinder Thread (G Thread)**
Conforms to DIN 259, featuring a 55-degree non-threaded seal. With consistent outside diameters at both ends, it’s compatible with other parallel-threaded fittings. Ideal for industrial applications involving fluid and gas transport.
Click here to explore more details about long-screw pipes and select the best options for your industry!
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