Although it has reached the beginning of spring, there are still many areas where there will be rain and snow or strong cooling weather in the near future, which will adversely affect the growing crops. The current affected crops are winter wheat, greenhouse vegetables and some fruit trees. Here are some basic countermeasures:
Winter wheat: For wheat in the Yangtze River valley in Hubei, Sichuan, Anhui, Jiangsu and other places, rain and snow are not conducive to the emergence of wheat in the wheat field. After the rain, the drainage soil should be grasped and soil cultivation measures such as clearing ditch, loosening soil, and evading to achieve ventilation. The purpose of warming is to timely plan to promote root development.
Some fields with low temperature and high soil moisture, pay attention to the possibility of rust spread, and prepare for prevention as soon as possible. Generally, the base fertilizer and the seedling fertilizer are applied, and no fertilizer is applied. Only in the farmland where the bottom fertilizer is less than the seedling fertilizer and the nutrient is really lacking, the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied in combination with the cultivated loose soil, and a little nitrogen fertilizer is applied at the same time. The role of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is to promote the roots of wheat seedlings and improve the cold resistance of crops. If there are conditions, it is best to cover the "warm dung" to prevent freezing. Covering materials such as rice bran, broken straw, grass ash, grass charcoal and other organic fertilizers, etc., these materials can be used to change soil after being decomposed and ploughed into the soil.
For the winter wheat fields in the north, it is mainly to take appropriate insulation measures to prevent the emergence of dead seedlings. It is also necessary to pay special attention to the prevention of weak and small-sized wheat seedlings to the winter wheat weak wheat varieties, and pay attention to the wheat field farming and water management early. The wheat fields after snowing generally do not need watering and premature fertilization. The key measures for all kinds of wheat fields should be timely and timely, and when the topsoil is dry and thin, timely repression measures should be taken to prevent wheat fields from running.
Greenhouse vegetable crops: Ice and snow have a great influence on greenhouse vegetables. The loss of greenhouses that have been crushed by snow is a foregone conclusion. For the management of uncompressed greenhouse vegetable fields, firstly, clear the snow on the top of the greenhouse and adopt appropriate ventilation. Insulation measures to prevent the inhibition of vegetable growth after cloudy days; second, we must control water and control nitrogen to prevent the growth of cucumbers, tomatoes and other vegetables. Therefore, the north to strengthen the production of protected areas to compensate for the damage to the production of vegetables in the open field.
Orchard fruit trees: There are two steps to consider.
First, once the orchard is covered by heavy snow, the snow should be removed from the branches in time to prevent the branches from being crushed, and at the same time, be careful not to cause secondary damage to the trees. Then use straw straw to wrap the trunk and cover the tree tray to keep warm; in the nursery, cover the straw and film in a large area. For late-maturing orchards that have not yet been picked, timely remove the snow and thin ice from the fruit area and harvest as soon as possible to prevent frostbite on the fruit surface.
Second, for the frozen fruit trees, after the temperature rises steadily after the snow, timely trimming is appropriate. Take measures to remove small leaves, slug pruning, and large wounds. When the branches are intact and the leaves are not dry, artificially assisted defoliation is carried out as soon as possible; the branches and stems that are obviously frostbite are trimmed in time. The cuts accurately control the wound and are protected by waxing. For frozen dead fruit trees, we should remove them as soon as possible and replant new seedlings.
In short, the management of the cultivation of snow-stricken gardens is mainly to cultivate soil, apply organic fertilizer, and bundle tree insulation.
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